Textbook Question
A cell stimulated to increase its steroid production will have abundant:
a. Ribosomes
b. Rough ER
c. Smooth ER
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Secretory vesicles
81
views
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components
Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
2:39 minutesProblem 16
Textbook Question
What are the four major functions of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle in eukaryotic cells that plays a key role in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids.
Identify that the ER has two types: rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes), each contributing to different functions.
List the first major function: Protein synthesis and processing, primarily carried out by the rough ER where ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins.
List the second major function: Lipid synthesis, which is mainly the role of the smooth ER, producing phospholipids and steroids essential for cell membranes.
List the third and fourth major functions: Detoxification of drugs and harmful substances (smooth ER) and storage of calcium ions, which are important for cellular signaling.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above
Video duration:
2mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Structure of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranous tubules and sacs within the cell. It exists in two forms: rough ER, studded with ribosomes, and smooth ER, which lacks ribosomes. Understanding its structure helps explain its diverse functions in the cell.
Recommended video:
06:07
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Protein Synthesis and Processing
The rough ER is primarily involved in synthesizing proteins destined for secretion or membrane insertion. Ribosomes on its surface translate mRNA into polypeptides, which are then folded and modified within the ER lumen.
Recommended video:
02:50Proteins
Lipid Metabolism and Detoxification
The smooth ER plays a key role in lipid synthesis, including phospholipids and steroids, and in detoxifying harmful substances. It also regulates calcium ion storage, which is vital for various cellular processes.
Recommended video:
02:17Introduction to Metabolism
Related Videos
Related Practice