Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

25. The Urinary System

The Nephron

Anatomy & Physiology

25. The Urinary System

The Nephron

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Multiple Choice

Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?

Distal convoluted tubule

Loop of Henle

Proximal convoluted tubule

Collecting duct

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the function of the nephron: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood and forming urine. It consists of several parts, each with specific roles in the process of reabsorption and secretion.

Identify the role of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT): The PCT is the first segment of the nephron tubule and is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.

Compare the reabsorption capacity of different nephron structures: The PCT reabsorbs approximately 65-70% of the filtered sodium, water, and other solutes, making it the segment that reabsorbs the most substances compared to other parts of the nephron.

Consider the functions of other nephron structures: The Loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct also play roles in reabsorption and secretion, but to a lesser extent than the PCT. The Loop of Henle primarily concentrates urine, while the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct fine-tune the reabsorption of ions and water.

Conclude with the correct answer: Based on the understanding of nephron physiology, the proximal convoluted tubule is the structure that reabsorbs the most substances, making it the correct answer to the problem.