Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue

Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - Bone Matrix

Anatomy & Physiology

6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue

Microscopic Anatomy of Bones - Bone Matrix

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3:23 minutes

Problem 12

Textbook Question

List the four distinctive cell populations of bone tissue.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand that bone tissue is a dynamic structure composed of specialized cells that contribute to its formation, maintenance, and remodeling. These cells work together to ensure the structural integrity and metabolic functions of bones.

Step 2: Identify the first cell type: Osteoblasts. These are bone-forming cells responsible for synthesizing and secreting the bone matrix, primarily composed of collagen and other proteins. They also initiate the process of mineralization.

Step 3: Identify the second cell type: Osteocytes. These are mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts that become embedded in the bone matrix. Osteocytes maintain the bone tissue and communicate with other cells to regulate bone remodeling.

Step 4: Identify the third cell type: Osteoclasts. These are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. They break down the bone matrix by secreting acids and enzymes, which is essential for bone remodeling and calcium homeostasis.

Step 5: Identify the fourth cell type: Bone lining cells. These are flat cells found on the surface of bone tissue. They play a role in regulating the movement of calcium and phosphate into and out of the bone and serve as a protective barrier.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Osteoblasts

Osteoblasts are specialized bone cells responsible for bone formation. They synthesize and secrete the bone matrix, which includes collagen and other proteins, and play a crucial role in mineralization. These cells are found on the surface of new bone and are essential for the growth and repair of bone tissue.

Osteocytes

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that originate from osteoblasts once they become embedded in the bone matrix. They maintain bone tissue by regulating mineral content and communicating with other bone cells through tiny channels called canaliculi. Osteocytes play a vital role in the homeostasis of bone and respond to mechanical stress.

Osteoclasts

Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption, the process of breaking down bone tissue. They secrete acids and enzymes that dissolve the mineralized matrix, allowing for the release of calcium and phosphate into the bloodstream. This process is crucial for bone remodeling and maintaining calcium homeostasis in the body.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements about bone tissue as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. The inorganic matrix of bone is solely responsible for the strength of bone tissue.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements about bone tissue as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Collagen fibers are one of the predominant parts of the inorganic matrix.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements about bone tissue as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. The collagen fibers of bone help it to resist torsion and tension.

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Textbook Question

The organic portion of matrix is important in providing all but

a. Tensile strength

b. Hardness

c. Ability to resist stretch

d. Flexibility

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Textbook Question

List the organic and inorganic components of bone matrix.

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Multiple Choice

When Ca²⁺ concentration in the blood becomes lower than normal, __________.

The exceptional hardness of bones is largely due to the presence of __________.

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Multiple Choice

At her annual checkup, the doctor tells Pilar that she should add leafy greens like spinach and collard greens to her diet to help keep her bones strong. What vitamin or mineral in the vegetables would contribute to bone strength?

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