Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

24. Metabolism and Nutrition

Fatty Acid Oxidation

Anatomy & Physiology

24. Metabolism and Nutrition

Fatty Acid Oxidation

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Multiple Choice

How many ATP molecules are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of palmitic acid (a common fatty acid)?

129 ATP

38 ATP

64 ATP

106 ATP

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that palmitic acid is a fatty acid with the chemical formula C16H32O2. The complete oxidation of palmitic acid involves its breakdown through beta-oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Beta-oxidation of palmitic acid involves multiple cycles. Each cycle shortens the fatty acid chain by two carbon atoms, producing acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH2. Calculate the number of cycles needed to completely oxidize palmitic acid, which is 7 cycles for a 16-carbon fatty acid.

For each cycle of beta-oxidation, 1 NADH and 1 FADH2 are produced. Additionally, each acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, producing 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 ATP (or GTP). Calculate the total number of NADH, FADH2, and ATP produced from both beta-oxidation and the citric acid cycle.

Convert the NADH and FADH2 produced into ATP using the electron transport chain. Each NADH typically yields about 2.5 ATP, and each FADH2 yields about 1.5 ATP. Calculate the total ATP produced from NADH and FADH2.

Sum the ATP produced from the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain to find the total number of ATP molecules generated from the complete oxidation of one molecule of palmitic acid.