Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

5. Integumentary System

Introduction to the Integumentary System

Anatomy & Physiology

5. Integumentary System

Introduction to the Integumentary System

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the function of the arrector pili muscle associated with hair follicles?

It produces the pigment that gives hair its color.

It is responsible for the growth of new hair cells.

It contracts to cause hair to stand upright, producing 'goosebumps.'

It secretes sebum to lubricate the hair and skin.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the anatomy of the arrector pili muscle: The arrector pili is a small, smooth muscle attached to hair follicles in the dermis layer of the skin. It is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

Learn the function of the arrector pili muscle: Its primary role is to contract in response to stimuli such as cold temperatures or emotional states (e.g., fear), causing the hair to stand upright. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as 'goosebumps.'

Eliminate incorrect options: The arrector pili muscle does not produce pigment (melanin), which is the function of melanocytes. It is also not involved in the growth of new hair cells, which occurs in the hair matrix within the follicle. Additionally, it does not secrete sebum; sebaceous glands are responsible for that function.

Focus on the correct answer: The contraction of the arrector pili muscle pulls the hair follicle upright, creating the appearance of raised hair and 'goosebumps.' This is a physiological response to certain stimuli.

Relate the concept to broader physiology: Goosebumps are part of the body's thermoregulatory and emotional response mechanisms. In animals, this response can increase insulation or make them appear larger to predators, while in humans, it is more vestigial.