Multiple Choice
Which of the following virulence factors directly contributes to severe inflammation?
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21. The Immune System
Introduction to Inflammation
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Which of the following is not one of the cardinal signs of inflammation?
A
Redness
B
Fever
C
Pain
D
Swelling
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context: Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.
Identify the cardinal signs of inflammation: The classic signs of inflammation are known as 'cardinal signs' and include redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), and pain (dolor).
Analyze the options given: The options provided are redness, fever, pain, and swelling.
Compare the options with the cardinal signs: Redness, pain, and swelling are all part of the cardinal signs of inflammation. Fever, however, is not traditionally considered one of the cardinal signs, although it can be associated with inflammation.
Conclude which option is not a cardinal sign: Based on the comparison, fever is not one of the traditional cardinal signs of inflammation.
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