Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Feedback Loops

Anatomy & Physiology

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Feedback Loops

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the negative feedback loop involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, and cortisol?

The hypothalamus releases CRH, stimulating the pituitary to release ACTH, which prompts the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol; increased cortisol then inhibits CRH and ACTH release.

Cortisol stimulates the hypothalamus to release ACTH, which then causes the adrenal glands to secrete CRH.

The adrenal glands release ACTH, which stimulates the pituitary to secrete cortisol, and cortisol increases CRH release from the hypothalamus.

The pituitary gland releases cortisol directly, which stimulates the hypothalamus to produce more CRH.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the concept of a negative feedback loop. Negative feedback loops are mechanisms in the body that help maintain homeostasis by reducing the output or activity of a system when its effects become excessive.

Step 2: Identify the key players in this feedback loop: the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, and cortisol. Each of these components plays a specific role in regulating hormone levels.

Step 3: Learn the sequence of hormone release in this system. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which stimulates the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then prompts the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol.

Step 4: Understand the inhibitory effect of cortisol. Elevated cortisol levels act on both the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to reduce the release of CRH and ACTH, respectively, completing the negative feedback loop.

Step 5: Compare the descriptions provided in the problem to the physiological process described above. The correct description should match the sequence of hormone release and the inhibitory role of cortisol in the negative feedback loop.