Multiple Choice
Which part of the nephron extends down into the renal medulla?
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25. The Urinary System
The Nephron
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Which structures together form the filtration membrane in the nephron?
A
Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, and collecting duct
B
Bowman's capsule, renal pelvis, and ureter
C
Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule
D
Fenestrated endothelium, basement membrane, and podocyte filtration slits
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of the filtration membrane: The filtration membrane in the nephron is responsible for filtering blood to form urine. It selectively allows water and small solutes to pass while preventing larger molecules like proteins and blood cells from entering the filtrate.
Identify the components of the filtration membrane: The filtration membrane is composed of three main structures: the fenestrated endothelium of the glomerular capillaries, the basement membrane, and the podocyte filtration slits.
Describe the fenestrated endothelium: The fenestrated endothelium contains small pores that allow water and small solutes to pass through while blocking larger molecules such as blood cells.
Explain the basement membrane: The basement membrane acts as a physical and chemical barrier, further restricting the passage of large molecules like proteins while allowing smaller molecules to pass through.
Discuss the podocyte filtration slits: Podocytes are specialized cells with foot-like extensions that create filtration slits. These slits provide an additional layer of filtration, ensuring that only appropriately sized molecules can pass into the filtrate.
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