Multiple Choice
Which of the following glands is found atop the kidneys?
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16. The Endocrine System
Introduction to the Endocrine System
Multiple Choice
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
A
Prolactin
B
Oxytocin
C
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
D
Growth hormone
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the anatomy of the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland has two lobes: the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and the posterior lobe (neurohypophysis). Each lobe secretes specific hormones.
Step 2: Learn the function of the posterior lobe. The posterior lobe does not produce hormones itself; instead, it stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. These hormones are oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also called vasopressin).
Step 3: Review the hormones listed in the question. Prolactin, ACTH, and growth hormone are secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, not the posterior lobe.
Step 4: Identify oxytocin as one of the hormones secreted by the posterior lobe. Oxytocin is involved in processes such as uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is oxytocin, as it is the only hormone listed that is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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