Multiple Choice
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?
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16. The Endocrine System
Introduction to the Endocrine System
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A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which hormone is deficient in this condition?
A
Cortisol
B
Glucagon
C
Thyroxine
D
Insulin
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the condition: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to a deficiency in insulin production.
Review the role of insulin: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage.
Differentiate the hormones listed: Cortisol is a stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands, glucagon is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver, and thyroxine is a thyroid hormone involved in metabolism regulation. Insulin is the hormone directly involved in glucose regulation and is deficient in type 1 diabetes.
Connect the deficiency to the symptoms: Without sufficient insulin, glucose cannot enter cells effectively, leading to high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia), which is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes.
Conclude the answer: Based on the information, the hormone deficient in type 1 diabetes mellitus is insulin.
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