Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Active Transport

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Active Transport

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Problem L2.1d

Textbook Question

Write a single sentence, using no more than 25 words, to summarize each of the following cellular processes:
Secondary active transport

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of secondary active transport: it uses the energy from the electrochemical gradient created by primary active transport to move substances across the membrane.

Identify the key components involved: primary active transport establishes the gradient, and secondary active transport utilizes it to move molecules like glucose or ions.

Focus on the mechanism: secondary active transport often involves symporters or antiporters that couple the movement of one substance with another.

Summarize the process in a concise sentence: Secondary active transport uses energy indirectly from a gradient to move molecules against their concentration gradient via carrier proteins.

Ensure the sentence is clear, accurate, and within the word limit, emphasizing the indirect energy use and the role of carrier proteins.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Secondary Active Transport

Secondary active transport is a cellular process that moves ions or molecules against their concentration gradient by utilizing the energy from the movement of another substance, typically an ion, down its gradient.

Concentration Gradient

A concentration gradient refers to the difference in the concentration of a substance across a space or membrane, which drives the movement of substances from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Ion Coupling

Ion coupling in secondary active transport involves the simultaneous movement of one ion (often sodium or hydrogen) down its gradient, which provides the energy needed to transport another molecule against its gradient.