Multiple Choice
The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) feedback loop is an example of which type of feedback mechanism?
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1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
Feedback Loops: Negative Feedback
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Which of the following best describes the role of negative feedback in regulating blood pressure when it drops below normal levels?
A
It triggers mechanisms that increase blood pressure back toward normal.
B
It maintains the low blood pressure without initiating any response.
C
It amplifies the decrease in blood pressure, causing it to drop further.
D
It causes blood pressure to fluctuate randomly.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of negative feedback: Negative feedback is a physiological mechanism that helps maintain homeostasis by reversing a deviation from a set point. When a variable like blood pressure drops below normal, negative feedback works to bring it back to the normal range.
Identify the components of negative feedback: Negative feedback involves three main components: a sensor (detects the change), a control center (processes the information and determines the response), and an effector (executes the response to restore balance).
Apply the concept to blood pressure regulation: When blood pressure drops below normal, baroreceptors (sensors) in the blood vessels detect the change. This information is sent to the brain (control center), specifically the medulla oblongata, which activates mechanisms to increase blood pressure.
Describe the mechanisms triggered by negative feedback: The brain signals the heart to increase its rate and force of contraction, and the blood vessels to constrict (vasoconstriction). These actions increase blood pressure back toward normal levels.
Eliminate incorrect options: Negative feedback does not maintain low blood pressure, amplify the decrease, or cause random fluctuations. Its role is to restore blood pressure to the normal range, making the first option the correct description.
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