Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

14. The Autonomic Nervous System

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Anatomy & Physiology

14. The Autonomic Nervous System

Parasympathetic Nervous System

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Multiple Choice

Parasympathetic innervation from the vagus nerve causes the airways to:

remain unchanged

constrict

dilate

become inflamed

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the role of the parasympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'rest and digest' functions, which include conserving energy and promoting maintenance activities in the body.

Step 2: Recognize the function of the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a major component of the parasympathetic nervous system and provides innervation to various organs, including the lungs and airways.

Step 3: Learn how parasympathetic stimulation affects the airways. Parasympathetic activation via the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds to muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the airways, causing bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways).

Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options based on physiological knowledge. 'Dilate' is incorrect because dilation is typically associated with sympathetic activation. 'Remain unchanged' is incorrect because parasympathetic stimulation actively affects the airways. 'Become inflamed' is incorrect because inflammation is not directly caused by parasympathetic innervation.

Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is 'constrict,' as parasympathetic innervation from the vagus nerve leads to bronchoconstriction of the airways.