Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Introduction to Directional Terms

Anatomy & Physiology

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Introduction to Directional Terms

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Multiple Choice

In addition to the lumbar curvature, which of the following is a normal curvature of the adult vertebral column?

Pelvic curvature

Cervical curvature

Sacral curvature

Coccygeal curvature

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the anatomy of the vertebral column: The adult vertebral column has four normal curvatures—cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. These curvatures help distribute weight and maintain balance.

Identify the cervical curvature: The cervical curvature is located in the neck region and develops as an infant begins to lift their head. It is a concave curvature when viewed from the posterior side.

Differentiate between normal and abnormal curvatures: Normal curvatures include cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. Abnormal curvatures, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, or lordosis, are pathological deviations from the normal structure.

Exclude incorrect options: Pelvic curvature, coccygeal curvature, and sacral curvature are not considered separate normal curvatures. The sacral curvature is part of the normal adult vertebral column, but the coccygeal region does not form a curvature.

Confirm the correct answer: Based on the anatomy of the vertebral column, the cervical curvature is one of the normal curvatures in addition to the lumbar curvature.