Multiple Choice
Which structure in the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration of blood?
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25. The Urinary System
The Kidneys
Problem 1
Textbook Question
Identify the structures of the kidney in the following diagram.
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a. ___
b. ___
c. ___
d. ___
e. ___
f. ___
g. ___
h. ___
i. ___
j. ___
k. ___
l. ___
m. ___
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Familiarize yourself with the major anatomical structures of the kidney, such as the renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis, ureter, renal artery, renal vein, and nephron components. This foundational knowledge will help you identify each labeled part in the diagram.
Step 2: Examine the diagram carefully and locate the outermost layer of the kidney, which is typically the renal cortex. This area contains the glomeruli and is usually labeled near the kidney's surface.
Step 3: Identify the inner region called the renal medulla, which consists of renal pyramids. These pyramids are cone-shaped and point towards the renal pelvis. Look for labels pointing to these structures.
Step 4: Find the renal pelvis, a funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the collecting ducts and channels it into the ureter. It is usually located centrally and connected to the ureter.
Step 5: Locate the blood vessels: the renal artery (bringing blood into the kidney) and the renal vein (carrying filtered blood away). These vessels are often shown entering or exiting the kidney at the hilum, the indentation on the kidney's medial side.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Anatomy of the Kidney
The kidney is a vital organ with distinct structures such as the cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, and nephrons. Understanding these parts helps identify their roles in filtering blood and producing urine. Recognizing these structures in diagrams is essential for anatomical comprehension.
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Renal Blood Supply and Filtration Units
The kidney's blood supply includes the renal artery, arterioles, and glomeruli, which are crucial for filtration. The nephron, consisting of the glomerulus and tubules, is the functional unit where blood filtration and urine formation occur. Identifying these components is key to understanding kidney function.
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Urine Formation and Drainage Pathways
Urine formed in the nephrons passes through structures like the collecting ducts, calyces, and renal pelvis before reaching the ureter. Knowing these pathways helps in identifying kidney structures related to urine collection and excretion in diagrams.
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