Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

18. The Heart

Cardiac Cycle

Anatomy & Physiology

18. The Heart

Cardiac Cycle

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Problem 14

Textbook Question

What are the valves in the heart, and what is the function of each?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the four main valves in the heart: the tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve. These valves are located between the chambers of the heart and major blood vessels.

Understand the function of the tricuspid valve: It is located between the right atrium and right ventricle. Its role is to prevent backflow of blood into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts.

Learn the function of the pulmonary valve: It is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. Its role is to prevent backflow of blood into the right ventricle after it has been pumped into the pulmonary artery toward the lungs.

Understand the function of the mitral valve: It is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. Its role is to prevent backflow of blood into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts.

Learn the function of the aortic valve: It is located between the left ventricle and the aorta. Its role is to prevent backflow of blood into the left ventricle after it has been pumped into the aorta to supply oxygenated blood to the body.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Heart Valves

Heart valves are specialized structures that regulate blood flow through the heart's chambers. There are four main valves: the tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve. Each valve opens and closes in response to pressure changes in the heart, ensuring unidirectional blood flow and preventing backflow.

Tricuspid and Mitral Valves

The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle, while the mitral valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle. Both are atrioventricular valves that prevent backflow of blood into the atria during ventricular contraction. Their proper functioning is crucial for maintaining efficient circulation and overall heart health.

Pulmonary and Aortic Valves

The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs, while the aortic valve regulates blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. These semilunar valves open during ventricular contraction to allow blood to exit the heart and close during relaxation to prevent backflow. Their role is essential for effective pulmonary and systemic circulation.

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Master Systole, Diastole, Pressure, & Valves with a bite sized video explanation from Bruce Bryan

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Related Videos

Related Practice

Textbook Question

Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the:

a. Right atrium

b. Left atrium

c. Right ventricle

d. Left ventricle

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Textbook Question

The sequence of contraction of the heart chambers is:

a. Random

b. Left chambers followed by right chambers

c. Both atria followed by both ventricles

d. Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

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Textbook Question

When the semilunar valves are open, which of the following are occurring?

(1) Coronary arteries fill

(2) AV valves are closed

(3) Ventricles are in systole

(4) Ventricles are in diastole

(5) Blood enters the aorta

(6) Blood enters pulmonary arteries

(7) Atria contract

a. 2, 3, 5, 6

b. 1, 2, 3, 7

c. 1, 3, 5, 6

d. 2, 4, 5, 7

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Textbook Question

Mrs. Hamad, a middle-aged woman, is admitted to the coronary care unit with a diagnosis of left ventricular failure resulting from a myocardial infarction. Her chart indicates that she was awakened in the middle of the night by severe chest pain. Her skin is pale and cold, and moist sounds of pulmonary edema are heard over the lower regions of both lungs. Explain how failure of the left ventricle might cause these signs and symptoms.

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Textbook Question

More than one choice may apply.

Soon after the onset of ventricular systole, the

a. AV valves close.

b. semilunar valves open.

c. first heart sound is heard.

d. aortic pressure increases.

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Textbook Question