Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

ATP

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

ATP

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Multiple Choice

The free energy derived from the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to perform many kinds of cellular work. Which of the following is an example of the cellular work involved in the production of electrochemical gradients?

The beating of cilia

The chemical synthesis of ATP

Facilitated diffusion

Chromosome movement on microtubules

Proton movement against a gradient of protons

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of ATP hydrolysis: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that carries energy within cells. When ATP is hydrolyzed, it releases energy that can be used for various cellular processes.

Recognize the types of cellular work: Cellular work can be mechanical (e.g., muscle contraction), transport (e.g., moving substances across membranes), or chemical (e.g., synthesizing molecules).

Identify electrochemical gradients: Electrochemical gradients are created when ions are transported across a membrane, resulting in a difference in charge and concentration on either side of the membrane.

Relate ATP hydrolysis to electrochemical gradients: The energy from ATP hydrolysis can be used to transport ions against their concentration gradient, which is a form of cellular work that creates electrochemical gradients.

Apply this understanding to the given options: Proton movement against a gradient of protons is an example of using ATP hydrolysis to perform cellular work that results in the creation of an electrochemical gradient, as it involves active transport of protons across a membrane.