Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

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1:59 minutes

Problem 10

Textbook Question

The speed, or rate, of a chemical reaction is influenced by
(a) The presence of catalysts
(b) The temperature
(c) The concentration of the reactants
(d) a, b, and c are all correct

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the concept of reaction rate. The speed of a chemical reaction refers to how quickly reactants are converted into products. Reaction rates are influenced by various factors that affect the frequency and energy of collisions between reactant molecules.

Step 2: Analyze the role of catalysts. Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They lower the activation energy required for the reaction, making it easier for reactants to form products.

Step 3: Examine the effect of temperature. Temperature influences the kinetic energy of molecules. Higher temperatures increase molecular motion, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions, which can accelerate the reaction rate.

Step 4: Consider the concentration of reactants. Higher concentrations of reactants result in more molecules being available to collide, increasing the likelihood of reactions occurring and thus speeding up the reaction rate.

Step 5: Evaluate the combined influence of all factors. Since catalysts, temperature, and reactant concentration all play a role in influencing reaction rates, the correct answer is that all three factors (a, b, and c) are correct.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Catalysts

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They work by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, allowing more reactant molecules to collide with sufficient energy to react. This means that even at lower temperatures, reactions can proceed more quickly when a catalyst is present.

Temperature

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. In chemical reactions, an increase in temperature typically leads to an increase in reaction rate, as higher temperatures provide reactant molecules with more energy, resulting in more frequent and effective collisions. This relationship is often described by the Arrhenius equation, which quantifies how temperature affects reaction rates.

Concentration of Reactants

The concentration of reactants refers to the amount of reactant present in a given volume of solution. Higher concentrations generally lead to an increased rate of reaction because there are more reactant molecules available to collide and react with each other. This principle is fundamental in chemical kinetics, where reaction rates are often directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants involved.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Factors that increase the speed of chemical reactions include:

a. Increasing the temperature

b. Increasing the particle size

c. Increasing the concentration of the reactants

d. Catalysts

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Textbook Question

Identify each of the following reactions as a synthesis, decomposition, or exchange reaction:

2Hg + O₂ 2HgO

Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻

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Textbook Question

What is the following type of decomposition reaction called?

ABCD + H₂O → ABCH + DOH

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Textbook Question

Which of the following chemical equations illustrates a typical decomposition reaction?

a. A + B → AB

b. AB + CD → AD + CB

c. 2A₂+ B₂ → 2A₂B

d. AB → A + B

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Textbook Question

In an exergonic reaction,

(a) Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones.

(b) Small molecules are assembled into larger ones.

(d) Molecules move from reactants to products and back.

(e) Energy is released during the reaction.

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Textbook Question

Every year dozens of elderly people are found dead in their unheated apartments and listed as victims of hypothermia. What is hypothermia, and how does it kill? Why are the elderly more susceptible to hypothermia than the young?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true for all exergonic reactions?

Which statement is true about chemical reactions?

3593

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