Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

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Multiple Choice

How do hormones from the parathyroid and thyroid glands influence bone metabolism?

They increase the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

They decrease the absorption of calcium in the intestines, leading to weaker bones.

They regulate calcium levels in the blood, affecting bone density.

They stimulate the growth of new bone tissue by increasing osteoblast activity.

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Verified step by step guidance

Begin by identifying the primary hormones involved in bone metabolism from the parathyroid and thyroid glands: parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin.

Understand the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH): PTH is secreted by the parathyroid glands and plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the blood. It increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity, which breaks down bone tissue and releases calcium into the bloodstream.

Explore the function of calcitonin: Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland and helps lower blood calcium levels. It inhibits osteoclast activity, reducing bone resorption and promoting the deposition of calcium into the bone, thus affecting bone density.

Consider the balance between PTH and calcitonin: These hormones work antagonistically to maintain calcium homeostasis. PTH increases blood calcium levels, while calcitonin decreases them, ensuring that bone density is regulated appropriately.

Conclude with the impact on bone metabolism: The regulation of calcium levels by PTH and calcitonin directly influences bone density and metabolism. Proper balance between these hormones is essential for maintaining healthy bone structure and function.