Multiple Choice
A pathogenic bacterium that is able to avoid binding with the complement protein C3b would most likely protect itself from which of the following immune responses?
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21. The Immune System
Effects of the Complement System
Multiple Choice
The main complement proteins involved in the inflammatory response of the immune system are?
A
C3a and C3b.
B
C3a and C5a.
C
C5a and C5b.
D
C5a and C3b.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of complement proteins in the immune system: Complement proteins are part of the immune system that enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
Identify the specific complement proteins involved in the inflammatory response: The complement system includes several proteins, but C3a and C5a are particularly known for their role in promoting inflammation.
Recognize the function of C3a: C3a is an anaphylatoxin, which means it can induce rapid degranulation of mast cells and basophils, leading to the release of histamine and other chemicals that contribute to inflammation.
Recognize the function of C5a: C5a is also an anaphylatoxin and is considered one of the most potent inflammatory peptides. It acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils and other immune cells, guiding them to the site of infection or injury.
Conclude that the main complement proteins involved in the inflammatory response are C3a and C5a, as they both play significant roles in promoting inflammation and recruiting immune cells to the site of infection.
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