Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

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3:56 minutes

Problem 2

Textbook Question

What is the following type of decomposition reaction called?
ABCD + H₂O → ABCH + DOH

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Recognize the type of reaction. This reaction involves the breakdown of a compound (ABCD) into two smaller components (ABCH and DOH) with the addition of water (H₂O). This is characteristic of a hydrolysis reaction.

Step 2: Understand the term 'hydrolysis.' Hydrolysis is a chemical process where water is used to break chemical bonds in a molecule, resulting in the formation of two or more smaller molecules.

Step 3: Analyze the reactants and products. In this case, the reactant ABCD interacts with water (H₂O), and the products ABCH and DOH are formed. Notice how the water molecule contributes hydrogen (H) and hydroxide (OH) groups to the products.

Step 4: Relate this concept to biological systems. Hydrolysis reactions are common in physiology, such as the breakdown of macromolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids during digestion. For example, enzymes like amylase catalyze the hydrolysis of starch into glucose molecules.

Step 5: Summarize the reaction type. This reaction is called a hydrolysis reaction because it involves the addition of water to break a compound into smaller components.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Decomposition Reaction

A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products. This process often requires energy input, such as heat, light, or electricity. In the given reaction, the compound ABCD is decomposing in the presence of water, resulting in the formation of ABCH and DOH.

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a specific type of decomposition reaction that involves the reaction of a compound with water, leading to the breakdown of that compound. In this context, the presence of H₂O indicates that the reaction is likely hydrolytic, as water is used to facilitate the decomposition of ABCD into ABCH and DOH.

Products of a Reaction

In a chemical reaction, the products are the substances formed as a result of the reaction. Understanding the products is crucial for identifying the type of reaction taking place. In the provided equation, ABCH and DOH are the products formed from the hydrolysis of ABCD, illustrating how the original compound is transformed.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Factors that accelerate the rate of chemical reactions include all but:

a. The presence of catalysts

b. Increasing the temperature

c. Increasing the particle size

d. Increasing the concentration of the reactants

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Textbook Question

Identify each reaction as one of the following:

a. A synthesis reaction

b. A decomposition reaction

c. An exchange reaction

(1) 2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO

(2) HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

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Textbook Question

Factors that increase the speed of chemical reactions include:

a. Increasing the temperature

b. Increasing the particle size

c. Increasing the concentration of the reactants

d. Catalysts

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Textbook Question

Identify each of the following reactions as a synthesis, decomposition, or exchange reaction:

2Hg + O₂ 2HgO

Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻

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Textbook Question

Which of the following chemical equations illustrates a typical decomposition reaction?

a. A + B → AB

b. AB + CD → AD + CB

c. 2A₂+ B₂ → 2A₂B

d. AB → A + B

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Textbook Question

The speed, or rate, of a chemical reaction is influenced by

(a) The presence of catalysts

(b) The temperature

(d) a, b, and c are all correct

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Textbook Question

In an exergonic reaction,

(a) Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones.

(b) Small molecules are assembled into larger ones.

(d) Molecules move from reactants to products and back.

(e) Energy is released during the reaction.

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Textbook Question

Every year dozens of elderly people are found dead in their unheated apartments and listed as victims of hypothermia. What is hypothermia, and how does it kill? Why are the elderly more susceptible to hypothermia than the young?

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What is the following type of decomposition reaction called? ABCD + H₂O → ABCH + DOH

Key Concepts

Decomposition Reaction

Hydrolysis

Products of a Reaction

Watch next

What is the following type of decomposition reaction called?
ABCD + H₂O → ABCH + DOH