Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

8. Joints

Classification of Joints

Anatomy & Physiology

8. Joints

Classification of Joints

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Problem 10

Textbook Question

Match the following terms with the correct definition from the right column.
Plane joint
Saddle joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Condylar joint
Pivot joint
Hinge joint
a. Uniaxial joint in which the rounded articular surface of one bone fits into a groove of another bone and is held in place by a ligamentous ring
b. Multiaxial joint in which the spherical articular surface of one bone fits into a cup or socket of another bone
c. Nonaxial joint in which two flat surfaces glide over each other
d. Uniaxial joint in which the convex articular surface of one bone fits into a concave articular depression
e. Biaxial joint in which the oval, convex articulating surface of one bone fits into the shallow depression of another bone
f. Biaxial joint in which each articular surface has both convex and concave regions

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the definitions provided in the right column. Each definition describes the type of movement and structural characteristics of a specific joint type.

Step 2: Recall the anatomical features and movement capabilities of each joint type listed in the left column. For example, a plane joint allows gliding movements, while a ball-and-socket joint allows multiaxial movement.

Step 3: Match the term 'Plane joint' with the definition that describes a nonaxial joint where two flat surfaces glide over each other (definition c).

Step 4: Match the term 'Ball-and-socket joint' with the definition that describes a multiaxial joint where the spherical articular surface of one bone fits into a cup or socket of another bone (definition b).

Step 5: Continue matching each joint type (Saddle joint, Condylar joint, Pivot joint, Hinge joint) with the corresponding definition based on their movement capabilities and structural features. For example, a hinge joint is uniaxial and fits definition d.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Types of Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are classified into several types based on their movement capabilities and the shapes of their articulating surfaces. These include plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, and ball-and-socket joints. Each type allows for different ranges of motion, from limited movement in plane joints to the extensive mobility found in ball-and-socket joints.

Joint Movement and Axes

Understanding the axes of movement is crucial for classifying joints. Joints can be uniaxial (movement in one plane), biaxial (movement in two planes), or multiaxial (movement in multiple planes). This classification helps in identifying how each joint type functions and the specific movements it allows, such as flexion, extension, rotation, and gliding.

Articular Surfaces and Stability

The shape and configuration of articular surfaces significantly influence joint stability and range of motion. For instance, ball-and-socket joints provide a wide range of motion due to their spherical shape, while hinge joints allow movement primarily in one direction. The fit between the surfaces, along with supporting ligaments and muscles, determines the joint's overall stability and functionality.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

The description 'Articular surfaces deep and secure; capsule heavily reinforced by ligaments and muscle tendons; extremely stable joint' best describes

a. The elbow joint

b. The hip joint

c. The knee joint

d. The shoulder joint

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