Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

5. Integumentary System

The Epidermis: Cells

Anatomy & Physiology

5. Integumentary System

The Epidermis: Cells

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2:16 minutes

Problem 1d

Textbook Question

Identify the different portions (a–d) of the cutaneous membrane and the underlying layer of loose connective tissue (e) in the diagram to the right.
d. ____
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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the structure of the cutaneous membrane. The cutaneous membrane, also known as the skin, consists of two primary layers: the epidermis (outer layer) and the dermis (inner layer). Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis, which is composed of loose connective tissue.

Step 2: Identify the epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and is primarily composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. It provides a protective barrier against environmental damage.

Step 3: Locate the dermis. The dermis lies beneath the epidermis and is divided into two regions: the papillary layer (made of areolar connective tissue) and the reticular layer (made of dense irregular connective tissue). It contains blood vessels, nerves, and accessory structures like hair follicles and sweat glands.

Step 4: Recognize the hypodermis. The hypodermis, also called the subcutaneous layer, is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue. It provides insulation, cushioning, and energy storage.

Step 5: Match the labeled portions (a–d) in the diagram to the corresponding layers of the cutaneous membrane and the underlying loose connective tissue. Use the descriptions above to identify each labeled region and ensure d corresponds to the correct structure in the diagram.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cutaneous Membrane

The cutaneous membrane, commonly known as the skin, is the largest organ of the body and consists of two primary layers: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer, providing a protective barrier, while the dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerve endings. Understanding these layers is essential for identifying their specific functions and components.

Epidermis

The epidermis is the thin, outermost layer of the cutaneous membrane, primarily composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. It serves as the first line of defense against environmental hazards, such as pathogens and UV radiation. The epidermis also contains specialized cells, including melanocytes and Langerhans cells, which play roles in pigmentation and immune response.

Dermis

The dermis lies beneath the epidermis and is composed of dense irregular connective tissue, providing strength and elasticity to the skin. It houses various structures, including hair follicles, sweat glands, and sensory receptors. The dermis is crucial for thermoregulation and sensation, making it an important area to study in relation to skin health and function.