Textbook Question
Cancer patients being treated with chemotherapeutic drugs designed to destroy rapidly dividing cells are monitored closely for changes in their red and white blood counts. Why so?
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Ch. 17 Blood
Marieb, Hoehn7th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780805359091
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units24
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric19
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System10
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue23
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity28
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System18
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System26
- Ch. 17 Blood27
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart22
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues16
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses29
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System20
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System30
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System25
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System23
Marieb, Hoehn7th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780805359091Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 16, Problem 25
Amanda Healy, a young woman with severe vaginal bleeding, is admitted to the emergency room. She is three months pregnant, and the physician is concerned about the volume of blood she is losing.
What type of transfusion will probably be given to this patient?
Which blood tests will be performed before starting the transfusion?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the clinical context. Amanda is three months pregnant and experiencing severe vaginal bleeding, which suggests a significant blood loss that may require a blood transfusion to restore her blood volume and oxygen-carrying capacity.
Step 2: Identify the type of transfusion likely needed. In cases of acute blood loss, the most common transfusion is packed red blood cells (PRBCs), which help increase the oxygen-carrying capacity without adding excess fluid volume.
Step 3: Recognize the importance of blood compatibility testing before transfusion. To prevent transfusion reactions, the patient's blood type and compatibility must be determined.
Step 4: List the blood tests performed before transfusion. These typically include ABO blood grouping, Rh typing, and crossmatching. ABO grouping identifies the blood group (A, B, AB, or O), Rh typing determines the presence or absence of the Rh factor, and crossmatching tests the compatibility between donor and recipient blood.
Step 5: Summarize the process. Before transfusion, the medical team will draw a blood sample from Amanda to perform ABO and Rh typing and crossmatching to ensure the transfused blood is safe and compatible.
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Key Concepts
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Types of Blood Transfusions
Blood transfusions involve transferring blood or blood components to a patient. In cases of severe bleeding, packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are commonly given to restore oxygen-carrying capacity. Other components like plasma or platelets may be used depending on the patient's coagulation status and platelet count.
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Types of Blood Vessels
Pre-Transfusion Blood Tests
Before transfusion, blood tests such as blood typing (ABO and Rh) and crossmatching are essential to ensure compatibility and prevent transfusion reactions. Additional tests may include a complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation profile to assess the patient's current status and guide transfusion needs.
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Clinical Considerations in Pregnancy and Hemorrhage
Pregnant patients with severe bleeding require careful management due to risks to both mother and fetus. The type and volume of transfusion must consider maternal blood loss, fetal well-being, and potential complications like alloimmunization. Prompt stabilization and monitoring are critical in such emergencies.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Define hemostasis
List the three major phases of coagulation. Explain what initiates each phase and what the phase accomplishes
In what general way do the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of clotting differ?
Which ion is essential to virtually all stages of coagulation?
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Textbook Question
A reticulocyte count indicated that 5% of Tyler's red blood cells were reticulocytes. His blood test also indicated he had polycythemia and a hematocrit of 65%. Explain the connection between these three facts.
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Textbook Question
Mr. Chu has been scheduled for surgery to have his arthritic hip replaced. His surgeon tells him he must switch from aspirin to acetaminophen for pain control before his surgery. Why?
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Textbook Question
Discuss hemoglobin relative to its chemical structure, its function, and the color changes it undergoes during loading and unloading of oxygen.
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