Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System

Ions - Sodium and Potassium

Anatomy & Physiology

11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System

Ions - Sodium and Potassium

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Multiple Choice

Which ion has the highest concentration outside the cell compared to inside?

Potassium (K+)

Sodium (Na+)

Calcium (Ca2+)

Chloride (Cl-)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of ion concentration gradients across the cell membrane. Cells maintain different concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell to facilitate various physiological processes.

Identify the major ions involved in cellular function: Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca2+), and Chloride (Cl-). Each of these ions has a specific role and distribution in and out of the cell.

Recall that Sodium (Na+) is typically found in higher concentrations outside the cell compared to inside. This is crucial for processes such as the action potential in neurons and muscle contraction.

Consider the role of the sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ ATPase), which actively transports Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell, maintaining the concentration gradient.

Review the typical concentration gradients: Na+ is high outside and low inside, K+ is high inside and low outside, Ca2+ is low inside and higher outside, and Cl- is generally higher outside than inside.