Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Properties of Water- Thermal

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Properties of Water- Thermal

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Problem 3

Textbook Question

Water has a high heat-absorbing capacity because .a. the sun's rays penetrate to the bottom of bodies of water, mainly heating the bottom surface;b. the strong covalent bonds that hold individual water molecules together require large inputs of heat to break;c. it has the ability to dissolve many heat-resistant solutes;d. initial energy inputs are first used to break hydrogen bonds between water molecules and only after these are broken, to raise the temperature;e. all of the above are true

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the key property of water being discussed: its high heat-absorbing capacity.

Consider the structure of water molecules: Water molecules are polar and form hydrogen bonds with each other.

Analyze each option: (a) Sun's rays heating the bottom surface doesn't relate to heat absorption capacity. (b) Covalent bonds within water molecules are strong, but they are not broken during heating. (c) Dissolving solutes doesn't directly relate to heat absorption. (d) Hydrogen bonds between water molecules require energy to break, which is relevant to heat absorption. (e) Evaluate if all options are true or if one is most relevant.

Focus on option (d): Initial energy inputs break hydrogen bonds, which is a key factor in water's heat-absorbing capacity.

Conclude that the ability to absorb heat is primarily due to the energy required to break hydrogen bonds, as described in option (d).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Heat Capacity

Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to change the temperature of a substance. Water has a high heat capacity, meaning it can absorb a significant amount of heat without a large increase in temperature. This property is crucial for regulating temperatures in natural environments and is essential for various biological processes.

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another. These bonds play a critical role in water's unique properties, including its high heat capacity. When heat is added to water, much of the energy is initially used to break these hydrogen bonds before the temperature of the water itself begins to rise.

Covalent Bonds

Covalent bonds are strong chemical bonds formed when atoms share electrons. In water, each molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. While covalent bonds contribute to the stability of water molecules, it is the hydrogen bonds between them that significantly influence water's thermal properties, including its heat-absorbing capacity.