Textbook Question
The glomerular filtration rate is regulated by all of the following, except
(a) Autoregulation
(b) Sympathetic neural control
(c) Cardiac output
(d) Angiotensin II
(e) The hormone ADH
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25. The Urinary System
Renal Physiology Step 1: Glomerular Filtration
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In the process of filtrate formation, which of the following factors creates an osmotic gradient?
A
Systemic blood pressure.
B
A high concentration of negative ions in the capillaries.
C
A high concentration of plasma proteins in the capillaries.
D
A low concentration of water in the capsular space.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that filtrate formation in the kidneys involves the movement of fluid from the blood into the nephron, primarily occurring in the glomerulus.
Recognize that an osmotic gradient is created by differences in solute concentration across a membrane, which influences the movement of water.
Identify that plasma proteins, such as albumin, are large molecules that remain in the blood and do not pass into the filtrate, creating a higher solute concentration in the capillaries.
Realize that this higher concentration of plasma proteins in the capillaries compared to the filtrate in the capsular space generates an osmotic pressure, drawing water back into the capillaries.
Conclude that the presence of a high concentration of plasma proteins in the capillaries is the factor that creates the osmotic gradient during filtrate formation.
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