Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

23. The Digestive System

The Gallbladder

Anatomy & Physiology

23. The Digestive System

The Gallbladder

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Problem 15

Textbook Question

The primary hormone that triggers the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile is:
a. Gastric inhibitory peptide
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Motilin
d. Somatostatin

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of pancreatic juice and bile in digestion. Pancreatic juice contains enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, while bile aids in the emulsification of fats.

Review the functions of the listed hormones: Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) primarily inhibits gastric motility and secretion, cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes, motilin regulates gastrointestinal motility, and somatostatin inhibits the secretion of various hormones and digestive enzymes.

Focus on the hormone that directly stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice and bile. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the small intestine and triggers the gallbladder to release bile and the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes.

Eliminate the incorrect options based on their primary functions: Gastric inhibitory peptide (a) does not stimulate bile or pancreatic juice secretion, motilin (c) is involved in motility rather than secretion, and somatostatin (d) inhibits secretion rather than stimulating it.

Conclude that the correct answer is the hormone responsible for stimulating both bile and pancreatic juice secretion, which is cholecystokinin (b).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Cholecystokinin is a peptide hormone produced by the cells in the duodenum in response to the presence of fats and proteins. It plays a crucial role in digestion by stimulating the gallbladder to contract and release bile, as well as prompting the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes. Understanding CCK is essential for recognizing its function in the digestive process.

Pancreatic Juice

Pancreatic juice is a digestive fluid produced by the pancreas that contains enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and proteases. These enzymes are vital for breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. The secretion of pancreatic juice is primarily stimulated by hormones like cholecystokinin, making it important to understand its role in digestion.

Bile

Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, primarily composed of bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin. It is essential for the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats in the small intestine. The release of bile is triggered by hormones such as cholecystokinin, highlighting its importance in the digestive process.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about bile is true?

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

Obstruction of the hepatopancreatic sphincter impairs digestion by reducing the availability of:

a. Bile and HCl

b. HCl and intestinal juice

c. Pancreatic juice and intestinal juice

d. Pancreatic juice and bile

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Textbook Question

Bile emulsifies fat. Define emulsify.

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Textbook Question

Mr. Williams presents to your clinic with a complaint of abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. He says that the pain worsens when he eats, particularly when he eats fatty meals. He has noticed that his stool has been an unusual clay color recently. You perform an ultrasound of his abdomen and find that gallstones are blocking his common bile duct, preventing bile from entering the duodenum.

Why are his symptoms worse when he consumes a high-fat meal? Would you expect his symptoms to worsen or lessen when he consumes a meal consisting only of carbohydrates? Explain.

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Textbook Question

More than one choice may apply.

Which of these organs lies in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen?

a. Stomach

b. Spleen

c. Cecum

d. Liver

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Multiple Choice