Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Types of Membrane Proteins

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Types of Membrane Proteins

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Problem 5

Textbook Question

How do the extracellular filaments in plants differ from those in animals?a. Plant filaments resist compression forces; animal filaments resist pulling forces.b. Animal filaments consist of proteins; plant filaments consist of polysaccharides.c. Plant extracellular filaments never move; animal filaments can slide past one another.d. Plant filaments run parallel to one another; animal filaments crisscross.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the main components of extracellular filaments in plants and animals.

Understand the primary function of plant extracellular filaments, which are mainly composed of cellulose, a polysaccharide, providing structural support and resisting compression.

Recognize that animal extracellular filaments, such as collagen, are protein-based and primarily resist tensile (pulling) forces.

Consider the structural arrangement: plant filaments are often organized in a parallel manner to provide rigidity, while animal filaments like collagen can crisscross to allow flexibility and movement.

Evaluate each option based on these characteristics to determine which statement accurately describes the differences between plant and animal extracellular filaments.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Extracellular Filaments

Extracellular filaments are structural components found outside the cell membrane that provide support and shape to cells. In plants, these filaments primarily consist of polysaccharides like cellulose, which help resist compression forces. In contrast, animal extracellular filaments, such as collagen and elastin, are protein-based and are designed to withstand tensile (pulling) forces.

Mechanical Forces

Mechanical forces refer to the physical stresses that materials experience, such as tension, compression, and shear. In plants, the extracellular matrix is adapted to resist compression due to the weight of the plant and external pressures. Conversely, animal tissues are structured to handle pulling forces, allowing for flexibility and movement, which is crucial for muscle and connective tissues.

Cellular Movement and Arrangement

The arrangement and movement of extracellular filaments differ significantly between plants and animals. In plants, filaments are typically rigid and do not move, providing a stable structure. In contrast, animal filaments can slide past one another, allowing for dynamic changes in shape and flexibility, which is essential for various physiological functions, including muscle contraction and tissue repair.