Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

21. The Immune System

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

Anatomy & Physiology

21. The Immune System

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

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Problem 11

Textbook Question

Match the following antibodies with the correct definition.
IgD
IgM
IgG
IgA
IgE
a. Antibody found in secretions
b. Most common antibody; crosses the placenta
c. Antibody involved in allergies and parasitic infections
d. Pentamer and potent agglutinating agent
e. Antibody bound to the B cell plasma membrane

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the function and location of each antibody type. Antibodies (immunoglobulins) are specialized proteins produced by B cells to help the immune system fight pathogens. Each type has a unique role and location in the body.

Step 2: Match IgD with its definition. IgD is primarily found bound to the plasma membrane of immature B cells and plays a role in initiating B cell activation. Therefore, it corresponds to definition 'e'.

Step 3: Match IgM with its definition. IgM is the first antibody produced during an immune response. It is a pentamer and is highly effective at agglutinating pathogens. This matches definition 'd'.

Step 4: Match IgG with its definition. IgG is the most abundant antibody in the blood and extracellular fluid. It can cross the placenta to provide passive immunity to the fetus. This corresponds to definition 'b'.

Step 5: Match IgA and IgE with their definitions. IgA is found in secretions like saliva, tears, and mucus, matching definition 'a'. IgE is involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasitic infections, matching definition 'c'.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Types of Immunoglobulins

Immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are specialized proteins produced by B cells that play a crucial role in the immune response. There are five main classes: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, each with distinct functions and locations in the body. Understanding these types is essential for matching them to their definitions, as each class has unique characteristics and roles in immune defense.

Function of IgG

IgG is the most abundant antibody in the bloodstream and is known for its ability to cross the placenta, providing passive immunity to the fetus. It plays a vital role in the secondary immune response, neutralizing toxins and pathogens, and facilitating opsonization, which enhances phagocytosis. Recognizing its significance helps in identifying its correct definition in the matching exercise.

Role of IgM

IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an infection and is typically found in a pentameric form, making it an effective agglutinating agent. It is primarily present in the blood and lymphatic fluid and is crucial for the initial stages of the immune response. Understanding its structure and function is key to accurately matching it with its definition.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

More than one choice may apply.

Which of these antibody classes is usually arranged as a pentamer?

a. IgG

b. IgM

c IgA

d. IgD

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Multiple Choice

T cells and B cells are produced in the:

Binding of antigens to receptors of immunocompetent lymphocytes leads to clonal selection. Describe the process of clonal selection. What nonlymphocyte cell is a central actor in this process, and what is its function?

Define antibody. Using an appropriately labeled diagram, describe the structure of an antibody monomer. Indicate and label variable and constant regions, heavy and light chains.

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Multiple Choice

The humoral response is initiated by production of:

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Textbook Question

Name the five classes of immunoglobulins. Which is most likely to be found attached to a B cell membrane? Which is most abundant in plasma? Which is important in allergic responses? Which is the first Ig to be released during the primary response? Which can cross the placental barrier?

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Textbook Question

How does the formation of an antigen–antibody complex cause the elimination of an antigen?

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct is to make a true statement.

d. Vaccinations are given to induce the production of the inflammatory response.

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