Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

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1:23 minutes

Problem 6

Textbook Question

What four cellular components are shared by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the basic structure of a cell and understand that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share some common components.

Recognize that both cell types have a plasma membrane, which acts as a barrier to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Acknowledge that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles.

Understand that ribosomes are present in both cell types, serving as the site of protein synthesis.

Note that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain genetic material (DNA), although it is organized differently in each type.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cell Membrane

The cell membrane is a vital structure that surrounds both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, providing a barrier that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which facilitate communication and transport. This selective permeability is crucial for maintaining homeostasis within the cell.

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. While prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller (70S) compared to eukaryotic ribosomes (80S), their fundamental role in protein production is conserved across both cell types.

Genetic Material (DNA)

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain genetic material in the form of DNA, which carries the instructions for cellular functions and heredity. In prokaryotes, DNA is typically circular and located in the nucleoid region, while eukaryotes have linear DNA organized into chromosomes within a membrane-bound nucleus. This genetic material is essential for replication, transcription, and the overall functioning of the cell.