Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettere...

Question

Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item. Use letters for answers in the spaces provided.

_____Labor and delivery

a. Study of tissues

b. Constant internal environment

c. Face-up position

d. Study of functions

e. Positive feedback

f. Organ system

g. Study of cells

h. Negative feedback

i. Serous membrane

j. Study of internal and external body structures

k. Diaphragm

l. Tissue

m. Peritoneal cavity

n. Organ

o. Face-down position

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question is asking us which of the following processes involves the use of positive feedback mechanisms. Option A says thermoregulation. Option B says osmo regulation, option C says uterine contraction and option D says thyroid secretions. So let's talk a little bit about feedback loops, right? And feedback loops in your body are cycles of feedback or information that regulate certain reactions or functions within the body. Right now, a positive feedback loop is one in which the product of a reaction increases the rate of that reaction itself. So the positive feedback loop is is kind of like a green light, right? If the product of a certain reaction is forming, then that's signaling to your body to let it continue happen. Now, negative feedback loops by contrast, right are ones in which the product of a reaction decreases or stops completely the rate of the reaction itself. So negative feedback loops are very useful when you're trying to regulate the concentration of something inside your body, right? If your body has started to create it, then at a certain point that signals to your body that you have enough of it. And that you should stop making it past a certain point. So let's talk about each of these, right? So we can understand whether or not it's going to be a negative feedback loop or a positive feedback loop. So option a here thermoregulation refers to how the body regulates the temperature of itself. No recall that the body relies on our temperature remaining at more or less a certain value in order to make sure that all of your proteins, all of your organ systems, et cetera are functioning optimally. Now, because of that right, your body temperature cannot get too hot and it cannot get too cold either. So for example, when the body temperature begins to rise a little bit too much, the net causes the body to begin to do everything in its power to cool down once again, right? For example, you may start to sweat. So that is an example of a negative feedback loop because notice how the product of the reaction, which in this case is your temperature rising results in your body attempting to decrease that reaction itself. So because my temperature has started to rise, my body is doing everything in its power to cool down, right? And that's why I start to sweat. So option A here, thermal regulation is actually a negative feedback loop. Now, option B which is osmo regulation refers to how your body controls the amount of fluid within your body. Right. So for this example, we can go ahead and use the concentration of salt ions in your body to illustrate this example right now, just like our temperature, right, our body does everything in its power to maintain an ideal electrolyte balance or an ideal concentration of ions throughout your body. Right now, disruptions to that balance are going to cause a response in certain ways. For example, right, if the salt concentration, if your salt concentration begins to increase past a certain point, right, then your body is going to do everything in its power to get rid of some of that excess salt, right? And that might result for example, in more concentrated urine. Once again, as your body does everything in its power to get rid of that excess salt inside of your body. Now that is in fact a negative feedback loop once again because as a response to the salt concentration in your body, increasing your body is combating that change by decreasing it as much as possible by getting rid of some of it via your urine. So, osmo regulation is in fact a negative feedback loop as well. Now, how about C uterine contraction? Well, recall really quickly that uterine contraction is started or catalyzed by the hormone oxytocin and Oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary gland. Now, uterine contraction is actually a positive feedback loop, right? Because the more Oxytocin is released, the greater or stronger the uterine contraction is going to be. So this is a positive feedback loop because more Oxytocin brings about or increases the rate of uterine contraction or increases the strength of those contractions. So there's a positive correlation between both factors, meaning it's going to be a positive feedback loop. But let's talk about option D regardless. Now, option D here refers to thyroid secretions and recall your thyroid hormone, right? Releases the hormones T three nt four or your thyroid gland, excuse me, releases T three and T four. Now, just like many things, right? Your body works very hard to make sure that there's an ideal balance of T three and T four inside your blood. Now, past a certain point, right, when the levels of T three and T four inside of your body begin to rise a little bit too much. Then at that point, your hypothalamus is going to shut off, so to speak and stop signaling for the release of T three and T four. That is a negative feedback loop because as soon as the levels of T three and T four rise a little bit too much that signals to your body that it needs to slow down and stop secreting as much T three and T four. So therefore, right, the only positive feedback loop, we see out of all the answer choices here is going to be option C uterine contraction. So if we stuck around to the end, thank you so much for watching. And I hope you found this helpful.

Key Concepts

Labor and Delivery

Positive Feedback

Organ System

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