Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

10. Muscles

Muscle Naming

Anatomy & Physiology

10. Muscles

Muscle Naming

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2:54 minutes

Problem 14

Textbook Question

List the four patterns of fascicle arrangement used to classify the different types of skeletal muscles.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand that fascicle arrangement refers to the way muscle fibers are organized within a skeletal muscle, which influences the muscle's range of motion and strength.

Learn the first pattern: Parallel arrangement. In this pattern, fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, such as in the sartorius muscle. This arrangement allows for greater range of motion but less strength.

Learn the second pattern: Pennate arrangement. Fascicles are short and attach obliquely to a central tendon. Examples include unipennate (e.g., extensor digitorum longus), bipennate (e.g., rectus femoris), and multipennate (e.g., deltoid). This arrangement increases strength but limits range of motion.

Learn the third pattern: Convergent arrangement. Fascicles converge from a broad origin to a single tendon insertion, as seen in the pectoralis major. This allows for versatile movement and moderate strength.

Learn the fourth pattern: Circular arrangement. Fascicles are arranged in concentric rings, forming sphincter muscles that control openings, such as the orbicularis oris around the mouth. This arrangement is specialized for closing and opening passageways.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Fascicle Arrangement

Fascicle arrangement refers to the way muscle fibers are organized within a muscle. This arrangement affects the muscle's strength, range of motion, and overall function. Understanding these patterns is crucial for classifying skeletal muscles and predicting their mechanical advantages.

Parallel Muscles

Parallel muscles have fascicles that run parallel to the long axis of the muscle. This arrangement allows for a greater range of motion and is typically found in muscles that need to contract over a large distance, such as the sartorius. Their design maximizes the distance they can shorten, making them effective for specific movements.

Pennate Muscles

Pennate muscles have fascicles that attach obliquely to a central tendon, resembling a feather. This arrangement allows for a higher density of muscle fibers, resulting in greater strength but a reduced range of motion. There are three types of pennate muscles: unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate, each with distinct structural characteristics.