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Multiple Choice
The ability of water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and water's ability to dissolve substances that have charges or partial charges are __________.
A
both caused by water's ability to form covalent bonds with hydrophobic substances
B
due to water's partial charges and low molecular mass, respectively
C
both caused by water's two electron shells
D
both caused by water's partial charges
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of hydrogen bonding: Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds due to the polarity of the water molecule. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, creating a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogens.
Recognize the significance of water's polarity: The partial charges on water molecules allow them to interact with other charged or polar substances, making water an excellent solvent for ionic compounds and polar molecules.
Consider the options given: Evaluate each option based on your understanding of water's chemical properties. The ability to form covalent bonds with hydrophobic substances is incorrect because hydrophobic substances do not interact well with water.
Analyze the correct answer: Water's ability to form hydrogen bonds and dissolve charged substances is indeed due to its partial charges. This is a result of the polar covalent bonds within the water molecule.
Conclude with the correct reasoning: Both the ability to form hydrogen bonds and dissolve substances are caused by water's partial charges, which arise from the polar nature of the molecule.