Textbook Question
Changing the luminal diameters of the afferent and efferent arterioles to alter the GFR can be an example of
(a) Hormonal regulation
(b) Autonomic regulation
(c) Autoregulation
(d) All of these
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25. The Urinary System
Renal Physiology: Regulation of Glomerular Filtration
Multiple Choice
The sympathetic nervous system releases _____________, which causes constriction of the afferent and efferent arterioles.
A
Acetylcholine.
B
Epinephrine.
C
Norepinephrine.
D
Dopamine.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the body, which is to prepare the body for 'fight or flight' responses by releasing certain neurotransmitters.
Understand that the sympathetic nervous system primarily uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter to exert its effects on various organs.
Recognize that norepinephrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors, which are found in the smooth muscles of blood vessels, including the afferent and efferent arterioles in the kidneys.
Learn that the activation of these alpha-adrenergic receptors by norepinephrine causes vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow.
Conclude that the release of norepinephrine by the sympathetic nervous system results in the constriction of the afferent and efferent arterioles, affecting renal blood flow and filtration rate.
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