Hannah, a newborn baby, needs surgery because she was born with an aorta that arises from the right ventricle and a pulmonary trunk that issues from the left ventricle, a condition called transposition of the great vessels. What are the physiological consequences of this defect?

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The tunica media consists of smooth muscle cells innervated by vasomotor nerves.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions and a decreased concentration of oxygen in the interstitial fluid cause local arteriolar constriction.

More than one choice may apply.

Which of the following are associated with aging?

a. Increasing blood pressure

b. Weakening of venous valves

c. Arteriosclerosis

d. Collapse of the ductus arteriosus

More than one choice may apply.

A stroke that occludes a posterior cerebral artery will most likely affect

a. Hearing

b. Vision

c. Smell

d. Higher thought processes

Relate the anatomical differences between arteries and veins to their functions.