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Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles quiz #2

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  • Which cellular structure has ribosomes embedded on its surface?
    b) Rough ER
  • If a cell has 46 chromosomes, what type of cell is it likely to be?
    A cell with 46 chromosomes is likely a human somatic cell.
  • What defines the nucleolus?
    The nucleolus is a dense region within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized and ribosome assembly begins.
  • Which cell organelle is correctly aligned with its function? a) Mitochondria - protein synthesis b) Golgi apparatus - lipid synthesis c) Lysosomes - digestion d) Ribosomes - energy production
    c) Lysosomes - digestion
  • What are the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm?
    The endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm are the three primary germ layers in embryonic development that give rise to different tissues and organs.
  • What is cilia’s main job?
    Cilia's main job is to move fluid, mucus, or cells over their surface, often found in respiratory and reproductive tracts.
  • What is an example of a non-membranous organelle?
    a) Ribosome
  • What are the components or structures of a ribosome?
    b) rRNA
  • What is the important structural difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and smooth ER?
    The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, while the smooth ER does not.
  • What is the difference between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
    The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface for protein synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and lacks ribosomes.
  • What protein do cilia and flagella need to function?
    b) Tubulin
  • What is the role of the centrioles?
    Centrioles are involved in organizing microtubules during cell division and forming the spindle apparatus.
  • Which cell organelle helps with detoxification and makes lipids?
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps with detoxification and lipid synthesis.
  • What structure is found in the nucleus?
    b) Chromatin
  • Which structure or molecule is not found in the cell nucleus? a) DNA b) RNA c) Ribosomes d) Nuclear envelope
    c) Ribosomes
  • From what are centrioles formed?
    b) Microtubules
  • Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances.
  • What organelle is the control center of the cell?
    The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
  • What is the function of the organelle indicated by B?
    Without a specific diagram, it's unclear what organelle 'B' refers to, but common organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, or ER, each with distinct functions.
  • Which process occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
    a) Glycolysis
  • In which process do centrioles play an important role?
    c) Cell division
  • What is the structure and function of the nucleus?
    The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material and regulates gene expression and cell activities.
  • What organelle do muscles have a lot of?
    Muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria to meet their high energy demands.
  • What cellular organelle detoxifies drugs and alcohol?
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum detoxifies drugs and alcohol.
  • What is true about microtubules regarding their role in cell division?
    c) They form the spindle apparatus during cell division
  • Which component is not part of the nucleus of a cell?
    c) Ribosomes
  • Which organelle(s) would be active in liver cells that are detoxifying alcohol?
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum would be active in liver cells detoxifying alcohol.
  • In what type of cells would you expect to find a large amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
    Cells involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification, such as liver cells, would have a large amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
  • What is the ribosome composed of?
    b) Composed of rRNA and proteins
  • Which cell type is incorrectly matched with its function? a) Red blood cells - oxygen transport b) Neurons - signal transmission c) Muscle cells - contraction d) Skin cells - hormone production
    d) Skin cells - hormone production
  • How are flagella and cilia alike?
    Flagella and cilia are alike in that they both are composed of microtubules and are involved in cell movement.
  • Which organelle is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of alcohol?
    Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of alcohol.
  • Which statement about the Golgi apparatus is false?
    b) It synthesizes lipids
  • Which cell structure is correctly matched with its function? a) Nucleus - energy production b) Mitochondria - protein synthesis c) Ribosomes - protein synthesis d) Golgi apparatus - DNA replication
    c) Ribosomes - protein synthesis
  • What are the longest human cells?
    Neurons, particularly motor neurons, are among the longest human cells, with axons that can extend over a meter in length.
  • How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain?
    Human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes.
  • What organelle in liver cells contains enzymes that detoxify harmful organic molecules?
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells contains enzymes that detoxify harmful organic molecules.
  • What are ribosomes composed of?
    c) They are composed of rRNA and proteins