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Introduction to Nervous Tissue quiz #3

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  • The arthropod nervous system is considered well-developed because of which features?
    The arthropod nervous system is considered well-developed due to its complex structure, including a brain and ventral nerve cord with ganglia.
  • Which brain tissue contains mostly axons?
    White matter contains mostly axons.
  • What is the function of myelin sheaths?
    The function of myelin sheaths is to insulate axons and increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
  • What is the function of the endoneurium?
    The endoneurium surrounds individual axons within a nerve, providing support and protection.
  • What is white matter composed of?
    White matter is composed of myelinated axons.
  • What characteristic is common to oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?
    Both oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths to insulate axons.
  • Why would it be accurate to say that neural communication is an ‘electrochemical process’?
    Neural communication is an ‘electrochemical process’ because it involves electrical impulses (action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters).
  • Which cells form myelin in the spinal cord?
    Oligodendrocytes form myelin in the spinal cord.
  • Which glial cell is starlike in shape and helps form the blood-brain barrier?
    Astrocytes are starlike in shape and help form the blood-brain barrier.
  • Which is not characteristic of neurons? A) Conduct electrical impulses B) Have a high metabolic rate C) Are mitotic D) Have long processes
    C) Are mitotic
  • Which embryonic germ layer gives rise to the nervous system and epidermis?
    The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and epidermis.
  • Which nervous system component is incorrectly paired with its function?
    D) Glial cells - conduct electrical impulses
  • What is the primary function of the nervous system?
    The nervous system is responsible for generating and transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body.
  • What is not a function of neurons?
    C) Support other cells
  • Which of these cells form the insulating myelin sheath of neurons in the peripheral nervous system?
    Schwann cells form the insulating myelin sheath of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.
  • Which primary germ layer gave rise to the cells that eventually became the central nervous system?
    The ectoderm gave rise to the cells that eventually became the central nervous system.
  • Which cells provide myelination to neurons outside the CNS?
    Schwann cells provide myelination to neurons outside the CNS.
  • What is the name for a bundle of axons within a nerve?
    A bundle of axons within a nerve is called a fascicle.
  • What is the function of neuroglia?
    The function of neuroglia is to support, insulate, and protect neurons.
  • What is the difference between afferent and efferent neurons? What are interneurons?
    Afferent neurons carry signals to the CNS, efferent neurons carry signals from the CNS, and interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS.
  • Which statement best describes why the neuron and muscle cell are different?
    Neurons and muscle cells are different because they express different genes, despite having the same DNA.
  • Which glial cells form the insulating myelin sheath around axons of the central nervous system?
    Oligodendrocytes form the insulating myelin sheath around axons of the central nervous system.
  • Which type of tissue performs the role of signal conduction in the body?
    Nervous tissue performs the role of signal conduction in the body.
  • Which cells electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction?
    Schwann cells in the PNS and oligodendrocytes in the CNS electrically insulate axons to increase the speed of conduction.
  • What neuroglia produces the myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
    Schwann cells produce the myelin in the peripheral nervous system.
  • What is the epineurium?
    The epineurium is the outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds a nerve.
  • What is not a function of nurse cells?
    C) Conduct electrical impulses
  • What is not true of motor (efferent) neurons?
    C) Transmit signals to the CNS
  • What is a node of Ranvier?
    A node of Ranvier is a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent Schwann cells.
  • What is the role of glia in the nervous system?
    B) Support and protect neurons
  • What is the primary function of nervous tissue in the human body?
    The primary function of nervous tissue is to generate and carry electrical impulses, known as action potentials, throughout the body.
  • What are the two main types of cells found in nervous tissue?
    The two main types of cells in nervous tissue are neurons and neuroglia (glial cells).
  • What is the function of neuroglia (glial cells) in nervous tissue?
    Neuroglia support, insulate, and protect neurons but do not conduct electrical impulses.
  • What are action potentials?
    Action potentials are electrical impulses generated and carried by neurons.
  • What does the term 'neuroglia' refer to?
    The term 'neuroglia' refers to multiple different types of glial cells that support neurons.
  • Which cell type is primarily responsible for the conduction of electrical signals in nervous tissue?
    Neurons are primarily responsible for the conduction of electrical signals.
  • Are all neuroglia the same type of cell?
    No, neuroglia encompass multiple different cell types.