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Introduction to the Central Nervous System quiz #4

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  • Which part of the brain is responsible for the comprehension of speech?
    Wernicke's area in the temporal lobe is responsible for the comprehension of speech.
  • Which of the following is not a major region of the brain?
    The limbic system is not considered a major region of the brain; it is a functional system.
  • What are the two main organs of the CNS?
    The two main organs of the CNS are the brain and the spinal cord.
  • What part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
    The cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordination.
  • What is the main function of the reticular formation?
    The main function of the reticular formation is to regulate sleep-wake cycles and consciousness.
  • What conditions show oligoclonal bands in CSF and serum?
    Multiple sclerosis is a condition that can show oligoclonal bands in CSF and serum.
  • Which of the following slows down the central nervous system?
    Depressants, such as alcohol, slow down the central nervous system.
  • Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?
    The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining balance.
  • Which of the following brain structures is responsible for equilibrium?
    The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining equilibrium.
  • What are the two main components of the central nervous system (CNS)?
    The two main components of the CNS are the brain and the spinal cord.
  • Which part of the brain is the largest and contains the cerebral cortex?
    The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and contains the cerebral cortex.
  • Which brain structure connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord?
    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord.
  • What is the main function of the cerebellum?
    The cerebellum coordinates and regulates motor activity.
  • What is the distinctive appearance of the cerebral cortex?
    The cerebral cortex has a wrinkly, tree bark-like appearance.
  • What does the term 'cerebellum' literally mean?
    'Cerebellum' literally means 'little brain.'
  • What are the three primary brain vesicles formed during embryonic development?
    The three primary brain vesicles are the prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain).
  • What does the mesencephalon become in the adult brain?
    The mesencephalon becomes the midbrain in the adult brain.
  • How are the brain and spinal cord related in terms of structure?
    The brain and spinal cord are one continuous structure, both during development and in the mature CNS.
  • What gives white matter its characteristic color?
    The presence of fatty myelin gives white matter its white appearance.
  • Where is the gray matter located in the brain?
    In the brain, gray matter forms the outer layer called the cortex and also exists in subcortical clusters called basal nuclei.
  • How is the arrangement of gray and white matter different in the spinal cord compared to the brain?
    In the spinal cord, white matter is on the outside and gray matter is on the inside, which is the opposite of the brain.
  • What is the function of the brain stem?
    The brain stem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and contains structures essential for basic life functions.
  • What is the role of the thalamus within the diencephalon?
    The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information within the diencephalon.
  • What is the function of the medulla oblongata?
    The medulla oblongata controls vital autonomic functions like heart rate and breathing.
  • What is the significance of the neural tube in CNS development?
    The neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the entire CNS, forming both the brain and spinal cord.
  • What is the function of the cerebral cortex?
    The cerebral cortex is involved in higher brain functions such as perception, thought, and voluntary movement.
  • What is the role of the spinal cord in the CNS?
    The spinal cord transmits information between the brain and the rest of the body and coordinates reflexes.
  • Why is the CNS considered the control center of the body?
    The CNS integrates sensory information, coordinates responses, and is responsible for consciousness and higher functions.