Introduction to the Digestive System quiz #5 Flashcards
Introduction to the Digestive System quiz #5
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The stomach and which other organ are responsible for digesting food?
The stomach and the small intestine are responsible for digesting food. Gastrin has which of the following effects on gastrointestinal (GI) motility?
Gastrin increases gastrointestinal (GI) motility. Which of the following is a function of both the excretory system and the digestive system?
Both systems are involved in the elimination of waste from the body. Which statement is true about the signs and symptoms of projectile vomiting?
Projectile vomiting can be a sign of a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis and requires medical evaluation. Which layer of the GI tract comes into direct contact with food?
The mucosa layer comes into direct contact with food. Which of these foods are permitted on a full liquid diet? a) Broth b) Ice cream c) Mashed potatoes d) Grilled chicken
b) Ice cream Which of the following foods should be avoided by a person with celiac disease? a) Rice b) Corn c) Wheat d) Quinoa
c) Wheat What are the three components of gastric juice?
The three components of gastric juice are hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and mucus. Which of these organs has no active role in chemical digestion? a) Stomach b) Small intestine c) Large intestine d) Pancreas
c) Large intestine What does pepsin break down?
Pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. What is the primary function of the digestive system?
The primary function of the digestive system is to convert food into nutrients that can be absorbed into the blood. What is the alimentary canal?
The alimentary canal is a 9-meter long muscular tube running from the mouth to the anus where food travels and is processed. What is the function of accessory organs in digestion?
Accessory organs aid in digestion but are not part of the alimentary canal. What is ingestion?
Ingestion is the process of taking food and water into the mouth. What is peristalsis?
Peristalsis is an involuntary muscular wave of contraction that pushes food through the alimentary canal. What is chemical digestion?
Chemical digestion uses acids and enzymes to break down food molecules into absorbable forms. What is defecation?
Defecation is the elimination of indigestible waste as feces from the body. What is food called in the stomach and small intestine?
In the stomach and small intestine, food is called chyme. What is the function of the mouth in digestion?
The mouth chews food and mixes it with saliva to form a bolus. What is the function of the esophagus?
The esophagus is a tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach. What enzyme in the stomach digests proteins?
The enzyme pepsin in the stomach digests proteins. What is the main function of the large intestine?
The large intestine absorbs water and eliminates waste as feces. What is the function of the tongue in digestion?
The tongue manipulates food and helps in swallowing. What is the function of the liver in digestion?
The liver produces bile, which helps emulsify fats for digestion. What is the function of bile in digestion?
Bile helps fats disperse in the gut, making them easier for enzymes to digest. What is the lumen in the digestive tract?
The lumen is the hollow space inside the GI tract where food passes. What is the main purpose of mechanical digestion?
The main purpose of mechanical digestion is to increase the surface area of food for enzymes to act on. Where does chemical digestion begin?
Chemical digestion begins in the mouth with enzymes in saliva. What happens to food that cannot be absorbed by the digestive system?
Food that cannot be absorbed is eliminated as feces through defecation. What is segmentation in the digestive system?
Segmentation is the squeezing of muscles in the intestines to mix food and increase contact with digestive juices. Where does most water absorption occur in the digestive system?
Most water absorption occurs in the large intestine. What is the role of the digestive system in waste elimination?
The digestive system eliminates indigestible waste as feces through defecation. What is the difference between chyme and bolus?
A bolus is chewed food mixed with saliva in the mouth and esophagus, while chyme is partially digested food mixed with gastric juices in the stomach and small intestine. What happens to fats in the digestive system?
Fats are emulsified by bile and then digested by enzymes in the small intestine. What is the function of the small intestine's enzymes?
Enzymes in the small intestine complete the chemical digestion of food into absorbable molecules. What is the function of the colon?
The colon absorbs water and forms feces for elimination. What is the difference between absorption in the small and large intestines?
The small intestine absorbs nutrients, while the large intestine mainly absorbs water. What is the function of the digestive system's accessory organs?
Accessory organs produce and secrete substances that aid in the digestion and absorption of food. What is the final product of digestion that is eliminated from the body?
The final product of digestion eliminated from the body is feces.
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