27B

Each ovary is surrounded by fibrous _____ _____.

Then covered by _____ _____ outer layer.

-Surface epithelium is a continuation of the ______.

Outer cortex of the ovary house forming ______.

Inner ______ contains large blood vessels and nerves.

_______ _______: Tiny saclike structures embedded in cortex.

Uterine tube system does not have direct contact with ______.

_____ oocyte is released into ____ ____, where some oocytes never make it to tube system.

The uterine tube system includes _____ _____, _____ and _____.

Regions of the uterine tube:

The _____ is a funnel shaped opening into the peritoneal cavity,

Margin contains ciliated projections called ______ that drape over the ovary

______ forms half of uterine tube length, where _____ usually occurs

______: Narrow medial third that empties into superolateral region of the uterus.

_______ ________: When oocyte is fertilized in peritoneal cavity or distal uterine tube and begins developing there.

Spread of infection from reproductive tract to peritoneal cavity.

PID may cause _____ _____ and lead to _____.

Hollow, thick walled, muscular organ

The function of the uterus is to _____, _____ and _____ fertilized ovum.

What are the 4 regions of the uterus?

Major portion of the uterus

Rounded superior region of the uterus

Narrowed inferior region of the uterus:

Narrow neck, or outlet of uterus that projects into vagina

Cervical cancer affects ____ women each year, killing ____.

-Most common between ages ___ and ___

Cervical cancer prevention:

_______: Three dose vaccine, projects against HPV.

• For girls ages ____ to ____

____ ____: for Detection

_____ of the _____:

Unsupported uterus sinks inferiorly, until tip of cervix protrudes through the external vaginal opening

What causes prolapse of uterus?

Layers of the Uterine wall:

_____: outermost serous layer

_____: bulky middle layer consisting of interlacing layers of smooth muscle

- Contracts _______ during childbirth.

_____: Simple columnar epithelium on top of a thick lamina propria

Fertilized egg burrows into _____ and resides there during development

Functions of Vagina:

• ______ ______

• Passageway for _____ _____

• Organ of ______

Vagina Wall:

• Fibroelastic _____

• Smooth muscle _____

• _____ _____ mucosa with rugae

External genitalia:

• _____ ____

• _____ ____

• _____ ____

• _____ ____

• Greater _____ _____

• _____

• Bulb of the _____

fatty area overlying pubic symphysis

_____ _____: hair covered, fatty skin folds

-Counterpart of male scrotum

What are the skin folds that lie within the labia majora?

What is the recess within labia minora?

The _____ _____ glands, flank the vaginal opening

____ ____ ____: along the sides of the orifice; fill with blood during sexual arousal.

what glands usually only functions in females?

Mammary glands are modified _____ glands consisting of ___ to ___ lobes.

Lobules within lobes contain _____ _____

Glandular alveoli produce what?

What determines breast size?

pigmented skin surrounding nipple

Second most common cause of cancer death in the US in women.

• __% of women will develop this condition

Breast cancer usually arises from ____ cells of ____ ducts that eventually metastasize

Risk factors for Breast cancer:

• Early onset of ____ and late ____.

• No ____, or first one, late in life.

• No, or short periods of _____ _____.

• Family ____ of breast cancer.

Drugs for estrogen-responsive cancers:

• _____

• _____

Production of female gametes

oogenesis begins in ____ period

_____ follicles are the first to develop in fetus

functional unit of ovary that encloses a single oocyte

Before ovulation, ____ oocyte inside _____ follicle, resumes ____ and becomes _____ oocyte

Ovulation is caused by _____ hormonal levels, especially ___.

• One from this group is selected each month to become ____ ____

____:

large cell with enough cytoplasm to nourish fertilized egg for ___ to ___ journey to uterus.

Small cell lacking cytoplasm degenerates and dies.

____ phase:

Period of vesicular follicle growth (days __ - __)

____ phase:

period of corpus luteum activity (days __-__)

What percentage of women have a 28 day cycle?

_____ phase varies, but luteal phase is always ____ days from ovulation to end of cycle.

FSH levels drop around middle of follicular phase.

• _____ follicle outcompetes other follicles and is the only one to continue on.

• Other non-dominant follicles will undergo _____

after ovulation, ruptured follicle collapses and ____ fills with _____ _____ , that will eventually be ____.

Remaining granulosa cells and internal thecal cells enlarge to form the ____ ____.

The ____ ____ secretes progesterone and some estrogen

If no pregnancy occurs, ____ ____ degenerates into ____ ____ (scar) in __ days.

• endometrium begins to ____

If pregnancy occurs, Corpus luteum produces hormones that ____ pregnancy, until placenta takes over at about __ months.

Shortly after ovulation:

• ____ levels decline

• LH transforms ruptured follicle into ____ ____.

• LH stimulates corpus luteum to secrete ____ and some ____ almost immediately.

If no fertilization, corpus luteum _____.

Cyclic series of changes in endometrium that occur in response to fluctuating ovarian hormone levels.

Menstrual cycle : 3 phases:

• Days __-__: menstrual phase

• Days __-__: proliferative (preovulatory) phase

• Days __-__: secretory (postovulatory) phase

What promotes oogenesis and follicle growth in ovary?

Estrogen:

• exert ____ effect on female reproductive tract.

• Causes _____ _____, _____, and _____ to enlarge and become more functional