Lab 7 Histology

Function: allow materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important

Location: air sacs of the lungs

Functions: secretion & absorption

Location: kidney tubules & ovary surface

Function: absorption, secretion of mucus and other substances

Location: nonciliated lines most of digestive tract (gallbladder); ciliated is in uterine tubes

Function: secrete mucus to trap dust and propel it away from lungs

Location: respiratory system

Function: protect from abrasions in moist areas

Location: oral cavity

Function: Protect from abrasions, toughen and waterproof skin.

Location: epidermis

Function: stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend urinary organ

Location: ureters & bladder

Specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus to protect and lubricate.

Goblet cells are in simple columnar epithelial tissue

Hair-like projections attached to tissue; help move substances along;

Location: Pseudostratified columnar Epithelium in respiratory system

projections found on the surface of epithelial cells

Function: increase surface area to enhance absorption

Location: epithelial tissue in the small intestine

Thin specialized layer made of extracellular matrix; has the basal lamina and reticular lamina

Simple epithelium consists of a single cell layer attached to the basement membrane.

Stratified epithelium has multiple cell layers with only one layer being attached to the basement membrane.

Stratified squamous only has squamous cells; transitional epithelium has both columnar and cuboidal cells

Mesothelium

A single layer of flat squamous epithelial cells

1. protection: acts as a physical barrier

2. absorption: nutrients & substances

3. secretion: various substances

4. filtration: helps kidneys with selective passage of substances

5. sensory reception: detecting external stimuli

Function: wrapping and cushioning organs; macrophages phagocytize bacteria

Location: In the subcutaneous layer under the skin

Components: ground substance, elastic fibers, collagen fibers, fibroblastsA

Function: provide reserved food fuel; insulate against heat loss

Location: in subcutaneous tissue, around kidneys, in eyeballs

Components: fat droplets, fat cells

Function: forms soft internal skeleton around immune cells

Location: lymph nodes & spleen

Components: reticular fibers

Function: withstand tension in one direction

Location: tendons

Components: fibroblasts, collagen fibers

Function: withstand tension in many directions

Location: dermis of skin

Components: fibroclasts & collagen fibers

Function: allow tissue to recoil after stretching

Location: walls of large arteries

Components: elastic fibers

a mesh structure that surrounds and supports cells

Components: fibrous proteins, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins

Function: synthesize and maintain the extracellular matrix

Ex: collagen & elastin

Function: plays role in tissue repair, collagen production, and maintains structural integrity of connective tissue

Function: monitor for harmful invaders; releases signal to increase blood flow when pathogens are sensed

Function: specialized fat cells that store energy

Function: immature red blood cells that indicate erythropoiesis; can reflect activity of bone marrow

Thread-like structures that serve to provide support

1. Collagen Fibers

2. Elastic Fibers

3. Reticular Fibers

Composed of collagen

Function: provide tensile strength

Composed of elastin

Function: allows stretching and elasticity

Composed of type 3 collagen

Function: surround small blood vessels and soft tissue of organs to provide support

Function: support and reinforces

Location: tip of nose

Components: matrix, lacunae, chondrocytes (in lacunae)

Function: maintains shape while allowing great flexibility

Location: epiglottis

Components: Elastic Fibers, Lacunae, Chondrocyte

Function: tensile strength allows it to absorb compressive shock

Locations: intervertebral discs

Components: collagen fibers & chondrocytes in lacunae

Function: supports and protects; provides levers for muscles to act on

Location: bones ex: femur

Components: central canal, lamella, lacunae, osteocytes

Small cavities in bone that contain cells responsible for maintenance

produce and maintain cartilage by secreting extracellular matrix & differentiating into chondrocytes

Produce and maintain the extracellular matrix

Bone formation; bone reshaping, healing, skeletal development, metabolic activity

mature bone cells that play a role in maintaining bone health, regulating mineral balance, and remodeling

Responsible for breaking down and reabsorbing old or damaged bone tissue

Dense connective tissue that envelops cartilage that is not at a joint

Elastic Cartilage

Hyaline Cartilage

No, bone heals better because it is highly vascular