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Set #5 Appendicular Skeleton: Clavicle, Humerus, Forearm, and Hand Bones

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  • Clavicle
    The collarbone; an S-shaped slender bone bridging the sternum and scapula.
  • Sternal end of Clavicle
    The blunt, rounded, medial end of the clavicle that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.
  • Acromial end of Clavicle
    The broad, flattened lateral end of the clavicle that articulates with the acromion of the scapula.
  • Costa tuberosity
    A rough bump on the inferior surface near the sternal end of the clavicle for ligament attachment.
  • Conoid tubercle
    A distinct bump on the inferior surface near the acromial end of the clavicle acting as a ligament anchor.
  • Humerus
    The single long bone of the arm extending from the shoulder to the elbow.
  • Humeral head
    The smooth, hemispherical proximal ball projection that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
  • Humeral shaft
    The long, cylindrical main body section of the humerus.
  • Anatomical vs. surgical neck of Humerus
    Anatomical neck: groove circling the base of the head. Surgical neck: narrowing of the shaft below tubercles; common fracture site.
  • Greater tubercle of Humerus
    A large, rough projection on the lateral side of the proximal humerus end.
  • Lesser tubercle of Humerus
    A smaller rough projection on the anterior side of the proximal humerus, separated by a groove.
  • Intertubercular sulcus (groove)
    A deep vertical indentation between the greater and lesser tubercles; houses the biceps brachii tendon.
  • Deltoid tuberosity
    A rough, V-shaped ridge along the lateral midpoint of the humerus shaft for deltoid muscle attachment.
  • Trochlea of Humerus
    A spool-shaped medial condyle on the distal humerus; articulates with the ulna.
  • Capitulum of Humerus
    A rounded, marble-like lateral condyle on the distal humerus; articulates with the radius.
  • Olecranon fossa
    A deep depression on the posterior distal humerus that receives the olecranon process of the ulna during arm extension.
  • Coronoid fossa
    A shallow depression on the anterior distal humerus above the trochlea; receives the coronoid process of the ulna during flexion.
  • Ulna
    The medial bone of the forearm, located on the pinky side.
  • Trochlear notch of Ulna
    A large, C-shaped depression at the proximal ulna that hooks around the trochlea of the humerus.
  • Olecranon process
    The prominent bony projection forming the point of the elbow at the top back of the ulna.
  • Coronoid process of Ulna
    The anterior lip projection forming the bottom edge of the trochlear notch on the ulna.
  • Radial notch
    A small smooth depression on the lateral side of the coronoid process of the ulna; articulates with the head of the radius.
  • Ulnar tuberosity
    A rough bump on the anterior surface just below the coronoid process of the ulna.
  • Ulnar head
    The knob-shaped structure located at the distal end of the ulna bone.
  • Ulnar styloid process
    A short, needle-like projection on the medial side of the distal ulnar head.
  • Radius
    The lateral bone of the forearm, located on the thumb side.
  • Radial head
    A flat, disc-shaped structure at the proximal end of the radius bone.
  • Radial tuberosity
    A prominent rough bump on the medial side of the proximal radius shaft, below the neck.
  • Radial styloid process
    A sharp projection extending downward from the lateral side of the distal end of the radius.
  • Ulnar notch of Radius
    A smooth depression on the medial side of the distal radius; articulates with the head of the ulna.
  • Carpals
    The 8 short wrist bones arranged in two rows of four.
  • Proximal row of Carpals
    Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform (lateral to medial, thumb to pinky side).
  • Distal row of Carpals
    Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate (lateral to medial, thumb to pinky side).