Define each of the following terms in your own words, using 20 or fewer words.
a. Peripheral nerve

Complaining of muscle weakness, Delia goes to the doctor. Devise a series of physical examination tests that would help to determine if her problem involves upper or lower motor neurons.

Ramin presents for evaluation after a severe shoulder injury during which his entire brachial plexus suffered damage. What effects would you expect Ramin to have from this injury?

Maria is a 3-year-old who has been diagnosed with CIPA, or congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis. This disease results from a genetic mutation that causes essentially all general sensory neurons to not function properly. What types of sensations will Maria be unable to detect (be specific)? Predict what problems she might face from her condition.

First, write the Roman numeral that corresponds to each named cranial nerve (after the abbreviation CN). Second, match the cranial nerve with its correct function from the column on the right.

CN____               

______Vestibulocochlear nerve

CN____           

______Trigeminal nerve

CN____           

_______Hypoglossal nerve

CN____           

_______Abducens nerve

CN____           

_______Vagus nerve

CN____           

_______Olfactory nerve

CN____            

_______Accessory nerve

CN____           

_______Oculomotor nerve

CN____           

_______Facial nerve

CN____           

_______Optic nerve

CN____           

_______Glossopharyngeal nerve

CN____           

_______Trochlear nerve

a. Motor to the lateral rectus muscle

b. Motor to the muscles of facial expression; lacrimation; salivation; taste to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue

c. Sense of smell

d. Motor to the muscles for swallowing; salivation; taste to the posterior one-third of the tongue; somatic sensation from the throat

e. Senses of hearing and equilibrium

f. Motor to the superior oblique muscle

g. Motor to the tongue

h. Motor to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

i. Sense of vision

j. Motor to muscles of swallowing and speaking; parasympathetic innervation to thoracic and abdominal viscera; sense of taste from the throat

k. Sensory to the face; motor to the muscles of mastication

l. Motor to four of six extrinsic eye muscles; constricts the pupil; changes the shape of the lens; opens the eyelid

Define each of the following terms in your own words, using 20 or fewer words.

b. Nerve plexus

Define each of the following terms in your own words, using 20 or fewer words.

c. Posterior root ganglion