Textbook Question
Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by
a. Arachnoid granulations
b. Dura mater
c. Choroid plexuses
d. All of these
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Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation25
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive24
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units24
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric19
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System12
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System25
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue23
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System25
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity30
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System16
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System26
- Ch. 17 Blood27
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart25
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues16
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 12, Problem 5
Destruction of the ventral horn cells of the spinal cord results in loss of
a. Integrating impulses
b. Sensory impulses
c. Voluntary motor impulses
d. All of these
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the anatomy of the spinal cord, focusing on the ventral horn. The ventral horn contains the cell bodies of motor neurons responsible for sending voluntary motor impulses from the spinal cord to the muscles.
Step 2: Recognize the function of the ventral horn cells. These cells are primarily involved in motor output, meaning they transmit signals that cause muscle contraction and voluntary movement.
Step 3: Differentiate between the roles of the ventral horn and other parts of the spinal cord. The dorsal horn primarily processes sensory information, while the ventral horn is involved in motor control.
Step 4: Analyze the consequences of destruction of ventral horn cells. Since these cells are motor neurons, their loss would result in the inability to send voluntary motor impulses, leading to muscle weakness or paralysis.
Step 5: Conclude that the destruction of ventral horn cells results in loss of voluntary motor impulses, corresponding to option c.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ventral Horn of the Spinal Cord
The ventral horn is the front part of the spinal cord's gray matter containing motor neurons that send signals to skeletal muscles. It plays a crucial role in initiating voluntary motor movements by transmitting impulses from the central nervous system to muscles.
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Sympathetic Nervous System Example 4
Motor Neurons and Voluntary Motor Impulses
Motor neurons located in the ventral horn carry voluntary motor impulses from the spinal cord to muscles, enabling conscious movement. Damage to these neurons disrupts the transmission of motor commands, leading to muscle weakness or paralysis.
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4:31Primary Motor Cortex & Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Sensory vs. Motor Pathways in the Spinal Cord
Sensory impulses enter the spinal cord through the dorsal horn, while motor impulses exit via the ventral horn. Therefore, destruction of ventral horn cells affects motor output but does not directly impair sensory input or integration of impulses.
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1:34Organization of Sensory Pathways Example 2
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Fiber tracts that allow neurons within the same cerebral hemisphere to communicate are:
a. Association fibers
b. Commissures
c. Projection fibers
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Textbook Question
A professor unexpectedly blew a loud horn in his anatomy and physiology class. The students looked up, startled. The reflexive movements of their eyes were mediated by the:
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Inferior olives
c. Raphe nuclei
d. Superior colliculi
e. Nucleus gracilis
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Textbook Question
The innermost layer of the meninges, delicate and adjacent to the brain tissue, is the
a. Dura mater
b. Corpus callosum
c. Arachnoid mater
d. Pia mater
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Textbook Question
Choose the correct term from the key to respond to the statements describing various brain areas.
Key:
a. Cerebellum
b. Corpora quadrigemina
c. Corpus callosum
d. Striatum
e. Hypothalamus
f. Medulla
g. Midbrain
h. Pons
i. Thalamus
________ (1) basal nuclei involved in fine control of motor activities
________ (2) region where there is a crossover of fibers of descending pyramidal tracts
________ (3) control of temperature, autonomic nervous system reflexes, hunger, and water balance
________ (4) houses the substantia nigra and cerebral aqueduct
________ (5) relay stations for visual and auditory stimuli input; found in midbrain
________ (6) houses vital centers for control of the heart, respiration, and blood pressure
________ (7) brain area through which all the sensory input is relayed to get to the cerebral cortex
________ (8) brain area most concerned with equilibrium, body posture, and coordination of motor activity
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Textbook Question
a. What is the function of the basal nuclei?
b. Which basal nuclei form the striatum?
c. Which arches over the diencephalon?
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