Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

4. Protein Structure

Peptide Bond

Biochemistry

4. Protein Structure

Peptide Bond

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly describes the functional groups involved and the bond formed during the dehydration reaction that creates a peptide bond between two amino acids?

The R group of one amino acid reacts with the R group of another, releasing H$_2$O and forming a peptide bond (–R–R–) between them.

The carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl group of another, releasing H$_2$O and forming a peptide bond (–CO–CO–) between them.

The carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another, releasing H$_2$O and forming a peptide bond (–CO–NH–) between them.

The amino group of one amino acid reacts with the R group of another, releasing H$_2$O and forming a peptide bond (–NH–R–) between them.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the concept of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed between two amino acids during a dehydration reaction, where a molecule of water (H$_2$O) is released.

Step 2: Identify the functional groups involved in the reaction. Amino acids have two key functional groups: a carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH$_2$). These groups are responsible for forming the peptide bond.

Step 3: Describe the dehydration reaction. During the reaction, the carboxyl group (-COOH) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (-NH$_2$) of another amino acid. The hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxyl group and a hydrogen atom (H) from the amino group combine to form water (H$_2$O), which is released.

Step 4: Explain the bond formation. After the release of water, a covalent bond is formed between the carbon atom of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen atom of the amino group. This bond is called a peptide bond and has the structure –CO–NH–.

Step 5: Clarify why other options are incorrect. The R groups of amino acids do not participate in forming peptide bonds, and the carboxyl group cannot react with another carboxyl group to form a peptide bond. The correct functional groups involved are the carboxyl group and the amino group.