Multiple Choice
Which of the following polymers contains repeating units known as nucleotides?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Nucleic Acids
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Which organic molecule carries the hereditary information for cells?
A
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
B
Lipids
C
Proteins
D
RNA (ribonucleic acid)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of hereditary molecules: Hereditary information is stored in molecules that can replicate and pass genetic instructions to offspring. These molecules must encode the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.
Review the structure and function of DNA: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). DNA stores genetic information in the sequence of its bases.
Compare DNA to RNA: RNA (ribonucleic acid) is single-stranded and also composed of nucleotides, but it uses ribose as its sugar and uracil instead of thymine. RNA plays a role in protein synthesis and gene expression but does not primarily store hereditary information.
Evaluate lipids and proteins: Lipids are primarily involved in energy storage and membrane structure, while proteins perform various functions such as catalysis, signaling, and structural support. Neither lipids nor proteins are responsible for carrying hereditary information.
Conclude that DNA is the correct answer: Based on its ability to store, replicate, and transmit genetic information, DNA is the organic molecule responsible for carrying hereditary information in cells.
