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Multiple Choice
How does the denaturation of a protein affect its function?
A
It enhances the protein's ability to bind to substrates.
B
It disrupts the protein's three-dimensional structure, leading to loss of biological activity.
C
It increases the protein's enzymatic activity by exposing more active sites.
D
It converts the protein into a carbohydrate.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of protein denaturation: Denaturation refers to the process where a protein loses its native three-dimensional structure due to external factors such as heat, pH changes, or chemical agents. This structural change disrupts the protein's ability to function properly.
Recognize the importance of protein structure: Proteins rely on their specific three-dimensional structure (tertiary and quaternary structures) to perform their biological functions, such as enzymatic activity, substrate binding, or structural support.
Analyze the impact of denaturation: When a protein is denatured, its structure is altered, and the active sites or binding regions may no longer be accessible or functional. This leads to a loss of biological activity rather than an enhancement of function.
Evaluate the incorrect options: Denaturation does not enhance binding to substrates, increase enzymatic activity, or convert the protein into a carbohydrate. These statements are scientifically inaccurate and do not align with the effects of denaturation.
Conclude with the correct explanation: Denaturation disrupts the protein's three-dimensional structure, leading to a loss of biological activity. This is the correct answer based on the principles of protein biochemistry.