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Waxes quiz #1 Flashcards

Waxes quiz #1
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  • What is the general chemical structure of waxes, and how are they formed?
    Waxes are composed of a long chain fatty acid esterified to a long chain alcohol. They are formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction that links the fatty acid and alcohol via an ester bond.
  • What are the main physical properties and biological functions of waxes?
    Waxes are nonpolar, hydrophobic, insoluble in water, and have high melting points, making them solid at room temperature. Biologically, they serve as waterproofing agents and protective coatings, such as on plant leaves to prevent dehydration and in products like lotions and polishes.
  • What is the general chemical structure of waxes?
    Waxes consist of a long chain fatty acid esterified to a long chain alcohol. The ester bond forms through a dehydration synthesis reaction.
  • How are waxes formed from their component molecules?
    Waxes are formed by linking a long chain fatty acid to a long chain alcohol via an ester bond. This process occurs through dehydration synthesis.
  • What is the main component of beeswax and how is it formed?
    The main component of beeswax is triacontinoylpalmitate. It is formed by ester linking palmitic acid and triacontinol through dehydration synthesis.
  • Why are waxes considered nonpolar and hydrophobic?
    Waxes have long nonpolar hydrocarbon chains that overpower any weak polar groups. This makes them nonpolar and hydrophobic.
  • Are waxes soluble in water, and why or why not?
    Waxes are insoluble in water. Their long nonpolar hydrocarbon chains prevent them from dissolving in polar solvents like water.
  • What is the typical physical state of waxes at room temperature and why?
    Waxes are typically solid at room temperature. This is due to their long hydrocarbon chains, which give them high melting points.
  • List two main biological functions of waxes.
    Waxes serve as waterproofing agents and protective coatings. They help prevent dehydration in plants and are used in products like lotions and polishes.
  • How do plants use waxes to prevent dehydration?
    Plants produce waxes to coat their leaves, creating a protective barrier. This barrier helps retain water and prevents excessive dehydration.