Multiple Choice
Why do cells require both tRNA and mRNA in the process of protein synthesis?
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15. Gene Expression
Central Dogma
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Which of the following is an important exception to the central dogma of molecular biology?
A
Reverse transcription in retroviruses
B
Protein synthesis in ribosomes
C
DNA replication in eukaryotic cells
D
RNA splicing in eukaryotic cells
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information: DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into protein.
Identify the exception to this flow. Reverse transcription is a process where RNA is converted back into DNA, which is contrary to the usual direction of the central dogma.
Recognize that reverse transcription occurs in retroviruses, such as HIV, where the viral RNA is reverse-transcribed into DNA, integrating into the host genome.
Consider the other options: Protein synthesis in ribosomes, DNA replication, and RNA splicing are processes that fit within the central dogma framework.
Conclude that reverse transcription in retroviruses is the important exception to the central dogma, as it involves a reversal of the typical flow of genetic information.
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